All diatomic molecules are linear, which is the simplest spatial arrangement of atoms. Homonuclear molecules are molecules composed of only one type of element. Homonuclear molecules may consist of various numbers of atoms, depending on the element’s properties. Some elements form molecules of more than one size. The most familiar homonuclear molecules are diatomic, meaning … Read more
What Is Nutrient Agar? Nutrient agar is a general purpose/basal medium that support the growth of a wide range of non-fastidious organisms (microbes that grow and thrive without specific nutritional or environmental conditions). It is commonly used for cultivation and maintenance of microbial cultures for scientific study or identification. It typically contains (mass/volume): 0.5% Peptone – this … Read more
What is a Sense Strand? A sense strand, or coding strand, is the DNA strand within double-stranded DNA that carries the translatable code in the 5’ to 3’ direction. Its complementary strand is called antisense strand, which does not carry the translatable code and serves as template during transcription. The sense strand of DNA has … Read more
What is a Striated Muscle? Striated muscle also referred to as skeletal muscle is a form of muscle tissue mainly found attached to the bones by bundles of collagen fibres known as tendons. This muscle is generally under the voluntary control of the somatic nervous system. It is marked by transverse dark and light bands … Read more
White Sperm/Semen Semen, also referred to as seminal fluid, is a fluid that is emitted from the male reproductive tract and that contains sperm cells, which are capable of fertilizing the female eggs. Semen also contains other liquids known as seminal plasma, which help to keep the sperm cells viable. Semen is a thick, white … Read more
Square Planar Complexes In square planar molecular geometry, a central atom is surrounded by constituent atoms, which form the corners of a square on the same plane. The geometry is prevalent for transition metal complexes with d8 configuration. This includes Rh(I), Ir(I), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(III). Notable examples include the anticancer drugs cisplatin [PtCl2(NH3)2] and carboplatin. … Read more
Moss Moss refers to small, flowerless, green plant which lacks true roots, growing in low carpets or rounded cushions in damp habitats and reproducing by means of spores releasing from stalked capsules. The individual plants are usually composed of simple leaves that are generally only one cell thick, attached to a stem that may be … Read more
What Is Selective Media? Selective media refer to a type of growth media that allows the growth of selected microorganisms in the medium. Selective media are formulated to contain ingredients that inhibit the growth of selected species or categories of bacteria while allowing other organisms to grow. These formulations may include antibiotics which inhibit the … Read more
In bioinformatics, the comparison and alignment of biological sequences is very important. From understanding the genetic codes that define life to identifying functional domains and conserved regions. The process of alignment involves pairing two or more sequences to discover their similarities, differences, and evolutionary relationships. Global Sequence Alignment seeks to find the best alignment of … Read more
Hypothesis testing is the art of testing if variation between two sample distributions can just be explained through random chance or not. Anytime we make a decision using statistics there are four possible outcomes, with two representing correct decisions and two representing errors. The errors are generally classified as type I and Type II errors. … Read more