First Angle and Third Angle are two methods orthographic projection used in technical drawing and normally comprises the three views (perspectives): front, top and side. Usually front, top and side views are drawn so that a person looking at the drawing can see all the important sides. Orthographic drawings are useful especially when a design … Read more
Step-up and Step-down transformers are two categories of transformers, categorized based on their function. A transformer is a static apparatus with no moving components. It transforms electrical power from one circuit to another with changes in voltage and current and no change in frequency. In its basic form, a transformer consists of two coils with … Read more
What Are Rods/Rod Cells? Rod cells are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that function in less intense light conditions, they do not perceive color and fine details, a function performed by the other major type of light-sensitive cell, the cone cell. Rod cells are more sensitive to light and are almost entirely … Read more
What Is Fahrenheit? The Fahrenheit scale is a temperature scale proposed by a German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1724. It uses the degree Fahrenheit as the unit. The Fahrenheit temperature scale bases the boiling point of water at 212◦ and the freezing point at 32◦, the interval between the two being divided into 180 … Read more
What Is Osteoblast? Osteoblast is a large cell responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone during both initial bone formation and later bone remodeling. Osteoblasts are a major cellular component of bone, it form a closely packed sheet on the surface of the bone, from which cellular processes extend through the developing bone. They … Read more
Phagocytosis Phagocytosis also referred to as “cell eating“is the process in which particles, microbes or fragments of dead cells are engulfed and internalized usually by specific membrane receptors. The process of phagocytosis begins with binding of specific molecules on the surface of pathogen/particle. The cell membrane then extends around the target, eventually enveloping it and … Read more
Wood can be described as a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material (a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as secondary … Read more
What Is Glycolysis? Glycolysis also referred to as cytoplasmic pathway, takes place in the cytosol of the cell’s cytoplasm and is the first step in breakdown of glucose (C6H12O6) to extract energy for cellular metabolism to produce energy in the form of ATP. Through two distinct phases, the six-carbon ring of glucose is split into … Read more
Bony fish and cartilaginous fish represent two classes within the vertebrate kingdom, each characterized by unique anatomical features and evolutionary adaptations. Both groups inhabit aquatic environments. In simple terms, a bony fish (Osteichthyes) is one whose skeleton is made of bone, while a cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) has a skeleton made of soft, flexible cartilage. A third type of fish, … Read more
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are the two common types of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions that take place in cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. Many cells can perform either aerobic or anaerobic respiration, depending on whether oxygen … Read more