SCIENCE

What Is Electron geometry? Electron geometry is the shape of a molecule predicted by considering both bond electron pairs and lone electron pairs. The VSEPR theory states that electron pairs located around a certain atom repel each other. These electron pairs can be either bonding electrons or non-bonding electrons. The electron geometry gives the spatial … Read more

Intensive and extensive properties are two main types of physical properties of matter. The two terms, extensive and intensive properties were first coined by physical chemist and physicist Richard C. Tolman in 1917. Intensive properties do not depend on the quantity of matter whereas extensive properties do depend on the sample size. The ratio between … Read more

Waves come in many shapes and forms. While all waves share some basic characteristic properties and behaviors, some waves can be distinguished from others based on some observable (and some non-observable) characteristics. It is common to categorize waves based on these distinguishing characteristics. One way to categorize waves is on the basis of the direction … Read more

What Is Transistor? A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. Transistors are one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one … Read more

What Is Stain? Staining is a technique used to enhance contrast in samples, generally at the microscopic level. Stains and dyes are frequently used in histology (the study of tissue under the microscope) and in the medical fields of histopathology, hematology, and cytopathology that focus on the study and diagnoses of disease at a microscopic level. Stains may be used to define biological tissues (highlighting, for example, muscle fibers or connective tissue), cell populations (classifying different blood cells), or organelles within individual … Read more

What Is Pipe Flow? The pipe flow is a type of flow that occurs within a closed conduit. There is no free surface in this type of flow and also does not exert direct atmospheric pressure like open channel flow, but exerts hydraulic pressure on the conduit. In other words, in closed pipes, the flow … Read more

Oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously and they are termed REDOX reaction. REDOX can be described a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed. REDOX reactions are characterized by the actual or formal transfer of electrons between chemical species, most often with one species undergoing oxidation (lose electrons) while … Read more

What Is Acetal? Acetals are geminal-diether derivatives of aldehydes or ketones, formed by reaction with two equivalents (or an excess amount) of an alcohol and elimination of water. Ketone derivatives of this kind were once called ketals, but modern usage has dropped that term. It is important to note that a hemiacetal is formed as … Read more

Fluorescence and phosphorescence are two mechanisms that emit light or examples of photoluminescence. However, the two terms don’t mean the same thing and don’t the same thing and don’t occur the same way. In both fluorescence and phosphorescence, molecules absorb light and emit photons with less energy (longer wavelength), but fluorescence occurs much more quickly … Read more

Glucose Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates. Glucose is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight, where it is used to make cellulose in cell walls, the most abundant carbohydrate in the world. Though glucose is called a simple … Read more