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Amwoga KhalwaleA carbohydrate is an organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydrates are classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The monosaccharides are the simplest forms of carbohydrates and are further classified based on the carbonyl group they contain. Accordingly, monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and may be subcategorized as Aldoses or … Read more
What Is Substitution Cipher Technique? In cryptography (the science of writing, analyzing and deciphering codes), a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are replaced with other symbols or groups of symbols in accordance with a fixed set of rules. These plaintext units may be individual letters or characters, letter … Read more
What Is Primary Growth? All plant growth occurs by cell division elongation. Cell division occurs primarily in regions of undifferentiated cells known as meristems. Cell division in the apical meristems and subsequent elongation and maturation of the new cell produces primary growth. Therefore, primary growth can be defined as is growth that occurs as a … Read more
What Is Transpiration? Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the form of vapor to the atmosphere through the stomata. Transpiration cools the plant, changes osmotic pressure of cells and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water from roots to shoots. Two major factors influence the rate of water flow from … Read more
Periodic Signal A signal is considered to be periodic signal if it completes a pattern within a measurable time frame, called a period and repeats that pattern over identical subsequent periods. A period is defined as the amount of time (expressed in seconds) required to complete one full cycle. Sinusoidal wave, cosine wave, triangle wave … Read more
What Is A Potentiometer? A potentiometer is a manually adjustable variable resistor with three terminals. Two terminals are connected to both ends of a resistive element, and the third terminal connects to a sliding contact referred to as a wiper, moving over the resistive element. The output voltage of the potentiometer is determined by the … Read more
Botanically, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants also known as angiosperms formed from the ovary after flowering. However, in some fruits, it is not the ovary that forms the fruit. In fact, some other part of the flower, like the thalamus, inflorescence, and calyx are modified to become a part of the … Read more
What Is Progesterone? Progesterone is an endogenous sex hormone that is responsible for menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy by preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining its elasticity. Progesterone is one of the progesterone steroid hormones. It is secreted by the corpus luteum, a temporal endocrine gland that female body produces after ovulation, during the … Read more
What Is Internal Fertilization? Internal fertilization is the union of an egg cell with a sperm during sexual reproduction inside the female body. It occurs mostly in terrestrial animals. For internal fertilization to happen there is need for a method of introduction of male sperms into the female reproductive tract. Different animals have different methods … Read more
Fleming’s left and right hand rules were first discovered and described by John Ambrose Fleming in 19th century. These rules try to explain the relationship between magnetic field, the current and force. These rules only show the direction and do not determine the magnitude of magnetic field, current and force. In practice, Fleming’s Left Hand … Read more