What is Extrinsic Motivation?
Extrinsic motivation refers to engaging in a behavior or activity because of external rewards or consequences, rather than deriving inherent satisfaction or enjoyment from the activity itself. In other words, individuals who are extrinsically motivated are driven by external factors such as rewards, recognition, praise, grades, or avoidance of punishment.
This can refer to when an employee learns a new skill to get a raise or go above and beyond doing their tasks to earn praise. In educational settings, grades and evaluations can serve as extrinsic motivators. The desire to outperform others or win a competition can be a powerful extrinsic motivator.
What is Intrinsic Motivation?
Intrinsic motivation refers to the engagement in a behavior or activity for the inherent satisfaction, pleasure, or interest it provides, rather than relying on external rewards or punishments. In other words, intrinsically motivated individuals find personal enjoyment or fulfillment in the process of the activity itself, and they are driven by internal factors rather than external incentives.
The desire to improve skills, achieve mastery, and overcome challenges can be a strong source of intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is often associated with a natural curiosity or desire to explore and understand the world.
Examples of intrinsically motivated activities might include pursuing a hobby, engaging in creative endeavors, or learning something new out of genuine interest.
Intrinsic Motivation vs Extrinsic Motivation: Key Difference
| Feature | Intrinsic Motivation | Extrinsic Motivation |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Internal, comes from within the individual | External, arises from outside factors |
| Drive | Personal satisfaction, interest, or enjoyment | External rewards or punishments |
| Source of Satisfaction | The activity itself is rewarding | Rewards come from outside the activity |
| Autonomy | Self-directed, driven by personal goals | Directed by external influence or authority |
| Persistence | Often leads to sustained, long-term effort | May result in shorter-term effort, especially if rewards are absent |
| Creativity | Can enhance creativity and innovation | May stifle creativity if driven solely by rewards |
| Sustainability | More likely to be sustained over time | May diminish if external rewards are removed |
| Adaptability | More adaptable to changes and setbacks | May be less adaptable, as it relies on external factors |
| Well-being impact | Positively impacts mental well-being | May not necessarily improve mental well-being |
| Internal Satisfaction | Personal growth and fulfillment are key | Satisfaction often tied to external validation or rewards |