What Are Compounds? Compounds are substances that are made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined in ratios or fixed proportions. Chemical compounds have a unique and definite chemical structure held together in a definite spatial arrangement by chemical bonds. In this regard, there are four types of compounds, depending on how … Read more
Rocks can break for a variety of reasons, including stress along natural zones of weakness and due to biological and chemical activity. Weathering can be described as a natural process whereby rock, soil, some plants and human-made objects are broken down or degraded having been in contact with the Earth’s atmosphere, water/rain, wind, biological organisms … Read more
What Are Introns? An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is removed by RNA splicing during maturation of the final RNA product. Introns are found in the genes of most organisms and many viruses and can be located in a wide range of genes including those that generate proteins, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) … Read more
B-L ymphocytes (B-Cells) B-cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune system and are responsible for mediating the production of antigen-specific immunoglobulin against invasive pathogens. B cells are high in spleen, lymph nodes, gut, respiratory tract and bone marrow, they originate and mature in the bone marrow and constitute 20% of the total … Read more
Sildenafil and Tadalafil are drugs used to treat men who have erectile dysfunction (also called sexual impotence). Sildenafil and Tadalafil belong to a group of medicines called phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. These medicines prevent an enzyme called phosphodiesterase type-5 from working too quickly. The penis is one of the areas where this enzyme works. What … Read more
What Are Saturated Hydrocarbons? Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are the simplest class of hydrocarbons. They are called saturated because each carbon atom is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. In other words, the carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen. Examples of saturated hydrocarbons include: … Read more
What Is Apoenzyme? Apoenzyme is the protein component in which together with cofactor forms a complete enzyme. In other words, an enzyme that requires a cofactor but does not have one bound. An Apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme, activation of the enzyme occurs upon binding of an organic or inorganic cofactor. Enzymes can speed up … Read more
What Is Waveguide? A wave guide is a specialized structure that guides waves such as electromagnetic waves or sound, with minimal loss of energy by restricting the transmission of energy to one direction. It is designed to channel and manipulate electromagnetic energy along a specific path while minimizing losses and radiation. Waveguides are hollow metal … Read more
What Is Epigeal? Epigeal germination is a type of germination whereby the seed leaves or the cotyledons are brought on to the surface or above the soil along with the shoot during germination. This is usually due to rapid elongation and curved-like shape of the hypocotyl. This change in the shape or curvature of the … Read more
Virtual Circuits Virtual circuit (VC) is a means of transporting data over a packet switched computer network in such a way that it appears as though there is a dedicated physical layer link between the source and destination end systems of this data. Before the data transfer begins, the source and destination identify a suitable … Read more