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Amwoga Khalwale What Is Data? In computing, data is described as raw, unorganized facts or variables which help to develop ideas or conclusions. Generally data comprises facts, observations, perceptions numbers, characters, symbols images etc. Data is in raw form and does not carry a specific logical meaning and cannot be used for decision making. However, when these … Read more
What Is A Lithograph? The word ‘’lithograph’’ is derived from two ancient Greek words: ‘’lithos’’ meaning ‘’stones’’ and ‘’graphien’’ meaning ‘’to write’’. Lithography works on a simple physical principal of immiscibility of water and grease/oil. This technique was first used around 1798. Limestone is the most common surface to work on. The image is drawn … Read more
What Is Hard Water? Hard water is formed when water percolates through deposits of limestone, chalk or gypsum which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium carbonates, bicarbonates and sulfates. Generally, hard water contains essential minerals; it is sometimes the preferred drinking water, not only because of the health benefit, but also the flavor. … Read more
An emulsion is a temporarily stable mixture of immiscible fluids such as oil and water, achieved by finely dividing one phase into very small droplets. Common emulsions can be oil suspended in water or aqueous phase (O/W) or water suspended in oil (W/O). Both O/W and W/O have unique applications and chemical properties and you … Read more
What Is Phase Contrast Microscopy? Phase-contrast microscopy was first described in 1934 by Dutch physicist Frits Zernike. It a technique used for gaining contrast in a translucent specimen without staining the specimen. The optics of the microscope converts the differences in the refractive index of the specimen into brightness differences. This causes the translucent object … Read more
What Is Soil Texture? Soil texture refers to the proportion of sand, slit and clay sized particles that make up the mineral fraction of the soil. The primary particles of sand, silt and clay make up the inorganic solid phase of the soil. These particles often become aggregate together with each other and other parts … Read more
What Is Electrical Resistance? Electrical resistance is the hindrance to the flow of charge through an electric circuit. Resistance is represented by the uppercase letter R. The standard unit of resistance is the ohm, sometimes written as a word and sometimes symbolized by the uppercase Greek letter omega. In general, when the applied voltage is … Read more
A control system is a system of devices or set of devices that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems to achieve desired results. There are two main types of control system. They include: Open loop control system Closed loop control system What Is Open Loop Control System? An open … Read more
LED (Light Emitting Diode) A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. Early LEDs produced only red light, but modern LEDs can produce several different colors including red, green and blue … Read more
What Is Coining? Metal coining is a forging process by which very fine and intricate details can be created on the surface of a workpiece. Coining may be used to control surface quality and detail on parts. Metal coining is often a finishing process for manufactured products. This is a flashless, precision forging operation that … Read more